Political Leaders: Council of Europe

Leaders of the Council of Europe (CoE)

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Note: the Council of Europe (CoE) was established by the Treaty of London on May 5, 1949.

Secretaries-general

Jacques Camille Paris     11 Aug 1949 - 17 Sep 1953 (†1953) France
Léon Marchal              21 Sep 1953 - 24 Sep 1956 (†1956) France   
Lodovico Benvenuti        15 Sep 1957 - 15 Mar 1964 (†1966) Italy 
Peter Smithers            16 Mar 1964 - 15 Sep 1969 (†2006) UK             
Lujo Toncic-Sorinj        16 Sep 1969 - 16 Sep 1974 (†2005) Austria
Georg Kahn-Ackermann      17 Sep 1974 - 17 Sep 1979 (†2008) West Germany
Franz Karasek              1 Oct 1979 -  1 Oct 1984 (†1986) Austria
Marcelino Oreja Aguirre    1 Oct 1984 -  1 Jun 1989         Spain
Catherine Lalumière        1 Jun 1989 - 31 May 1994         France
Daniel Tarschys           20 Jun 1994 -  1 Sep 1999         Sweden
Walter Schwimmer           1 Sep 1999 -  1 Sep 2004         Austria
Terry Davis                1 Sep 2004 -  1 Sep 2009         United Kingdom  
Maud de Boer-Buquicchio    1 Sep 2009 -  1 Oct 2009         Netherlands (acting)  
Thorbjørn Jagland          1 Oct 2009 - 18 Sep 2019         Norway
Marija Pejcinovic Buric   18 Sep 2019 -                     Croatia

Presidents of the European Court of Human Rights

Arnold Duncan McNair      21 Jan 1959 -  3 May 1965 (†1975) United Kingdom
René Cassin               20 May 1965 - 15 Jun 1968 (†1976) France
Henri Rolin               27 Sep 1968 -  5 May 1971 (†1973) Belgium
Humphrey Waldock           5 May 1971 - 21 Jan 1974 (†1981) United Kingdom
Giorgio Balladore          8 May 1974 -  9 Dec 1980 (†1980) Italy
Gérard J. Wiarda          30 Jan 1981 - 30 May 1985 (†1988) Netherlands
Rolv Ryssdal              30 May 1985 - 18 Feb 1998 (†1998) Norway
Rudolf Bernhardt          24 Mar 1998 - 31 Oct 1998 (†2021) Germany
Luzius Wildhaber           1 Nov 1998 - 18 Jan 2007 (†2020) Switzerland
Jean-Paul Costa           19 Jan 2007 -  3 Nov 2011 (†2023) France
Nicolas Bratza             4 Nov 2011 - 31 Oct 2012         United Kingdom
Dean Spielmann             1 Nov 2012 - 31 Oct 2015         Luxembourg
Guido Raimondi             1 Nov 2015 -  5 May 2019         Italy
Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos 5 May 2019 - 17 May 2020         Greece
Róbert Ragnar Spanó       18 May 2020 -  1 Nov 2022         Iceland   
Síofra O'Leary             1 Nov 2022 -                     Ireland